Note sheet. What is a society? What does Centralized mean? It must be organized, which means that there are specific rules and requirements for worshipping. Cults 7. In at least 5 sentences answer the following question. How are the Five Key Elements found in American civilization? The 5 Key Elements and the U. Primary focus of many jobs is in the areas of technology and the service industries. Assessment 1. Name your civilization.
Tell where your civilization was or is located. Describe the style of government for your civilization. Describe the religious views of your civilization. Describe the specialized jobs in your civilization and how society is split up. Describe the styles of art, the types of structures that are built, and the kinds of infrastructure projects that are made in your civilization.
Describe or show the style of writing used in your civilization. Total views , On Slideshare 0. From embeds 0. Number of embeds Downloads Shares 0. Comments 0. Likes You just clipped your first slide!
The Indus civilization , with its two large cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, expands over a larger region than Egypt and Mesopotamia combined. It will survive, in a remarkably consistent form, for about years. The next region to develop a distinctive civilization centres on the Aegean Sea. The bays and inlets of the rugged coastal regions of Greece, and the many small islands strung like pearls across this relatively sheltered sea, combine to make this an ideal area for trade and piracy among people whose levels of nautical skill make short hops a necessary precaution.
The Aegean civilization stands at the start of the very lively tradition of Mediterranean culture. It begins in the large island which is perfectly placed to guard the entrance to the Aegean - Crete. The longest consistent civilization in the human story so far is that of China.
This vast eastern empire seems set apart from the rest of the world, fiercely proud of its own traditions, resisting foreign influences. Its history begins in a characteristically independent manner. There are no identifiable precedents for the civilization of the Shang dynasty, which emerges in China in about BC.
Its superb bronze vessels seem to achieve an instant technological perfection. Its written texts introduce characters recognizably related to Chinese writing today.
This is a civilization which begins as it will continue - with confidence. Around this time the earliest American civilizations have their beginnings, with the Olmecs in central America and the Chavin in the Andes.
Both these cultures develop large towns, centred on temples. Both are now famous for their sculpture. And each, in its own region, is at the start of a succession of civilizations leading directly to the two which are discovered and destroyed in the 16th century by the Spanish - the Aztecs in central America and the Incas in the Andes.
The first distinctively Mediterranean civilization, that of the Aegeans , comes to a sudden and still unexplained end in around BC. Some years later an energetic seafaring people, the Phoenicians , become extensive traders. From their base in Lebanon they establish colonies along the coast of Africa and even into the Atlantic.
Eventually, the agricultural revolution in Mesopotamia led to what Diamond describes as the next big step in progress, the Urban Revolution. Roughly 5, to 6, years ago in Sumer, villages evolved into cities. One of the earliest and most prominent was Uruk , a walled community with 40, to 50, inhabitants. The Sumerians developed may have been the earliest system of writing as well as sophisticated art, architecture, and complex government bureaucracies to supervise agriculture, commerce and religious activity.
Sumer also became a hotbed of innovation , as the Sumerians took inventions that other ancient peoples developed, from pottery to textile weaving, and figured out how to do them on an industrial scale. Meanwhile, Upper Mesopotamia developed its own urban areas such as Tepe Gawra , where researchers have discovered brick temples with intricate recesses and pilasters, and found other evidence of a sophisticated culture. According to Reculeau, climate shifts may have played a role in the development of Mesopotamian civilization.
Roughly around 4, B. Because they had to work harder and in a more organized fashion to survive, Mesopotamians gradually developed a more elaborate system of government. That all led to the development of a social structure in which the elites either coerced workers or obtained their labor by providing meals and wages.
In Upper Mesopotamia, by contrast, people coped with a drier climate by going in the opposite direction socially.
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